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[Automake-commit] [SCM] GNU Automake branch, maint, updated. v1.12.1-56-


From: Stefano Lattarini
Subject: [Automake-commit] [SCM] GNU Automake branch, maint, updated. v1.12.1-56-g5898641
Date: Fri, 22 Jun 2012 22:29:17 +0000

This is an automated email from the git hooks/post-receive script. It was
generated because a ref change was pushed to the repository containing
the project "GNU Automake".

http://git.sv.gnu.org/gitweb/?p=automake.git;a=commitdiff;h=5898641fb97b63ff62d84eed90ea7e1b2329bfe8

The branch, maint has been updated
       via  5898641fb97b63ff62d84eed90ea7e1b2329bfe8 (commit)
       via  e5343765c216cd8bff74da01986e61c3fe093eb1 (commit)
       via  465111cdfd1b92feaf9c6fd679cf1845c4e53083 (commit)
       via  d1490b591601685d3fd6313475ac5a58940d5f6b (commit)
       via  ca744ade0bacef9333d0ef88ef3d6e858a09d15b (commit)
       via  f4a04f21eededc6e0c4f621926fc7ab796680de2 (commit)
       via  91251075fe9dc9e36ccad3155602d2360d192a9c (commit)
       via  19c56b1d1295120cc33503dd90d218d486656d5d (commit)
       via  c94da9924b88684bf839d402e17ff232cbbb1c4e (commit)
       via  24c1056fdb668e2076981c2250bbf6d7c8bf8f48 (commit)
      from  13dd512dae7f338426dfb152bc77c4c5fdd25278 (commit)

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- Log -----------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

Summary of changes:
 syntax-checks.mk                    |   28 +++++++++
 t/README                            |  109 ++++++++++++++++++----------------
 t/aclocal-verbose-install.sh        |    2 +-
 t/add-missing.tap                   |    6 +-
 t/ansi2knr-no-more.sh               |    2 +-
 t/autodist-no-duplicate.sh          |   12 ++--
 t/autodist-subdir.sh                |    6 +-
 t/autodist.sh                       |    6 +-
 t/ax/depcomp.sh                     |   10 ++--
 t/ax/tap-summary-aux.sh             |   14 ++--
 t/ax/test-init.sh                   |   22 ++++++-
 t/color.sh                          |   16 ++----
 t/color2.sh                         |   16 ++----
 t/parallel-tests-no-color-in-log.sh |   16 +----
 t/parallel-tests-reset-term.sh      |   15 +----
 t/perf/testsuite-recheck.sh         |    2 +-
 t/perf/testsuite-summary.sh         |    2 +-
 t/remake11.sh                       |    8 +-
 t/self-check-me.tap                 |    4 +-
 t/tap-color.sh                      |   16 ++----
 t/tap-global-log.sh                 |    6 +-
 t/vartypo2.sh                       |   24 ++++----
 t/vtexi4.sh                         |    7 +--
 23 files changed, 181 insertions(+), 168 deletions(-)

diff --git a/syntax-checks.mk b/syntax-checks.mk
index 0549bc8..417ae5e 100644
--- a/syntax-checks.mk
+++ b/syntax-checks.mk
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ sc_AMDEP_TRUE_in_automake_in \
 sc_tests_make_without_am_makeflags \
 sc_tests_obsolete_variables \
 sc_tests_here_document_format \
+sc_tests_command_subst \
 sc_tests_Exit_not_exit \
 sc_tests_automake_fails \
 sc_tests_required_after_defs \
@@ -341,6 +342,33 @@ sc_tests_here_document_format:
          exit 1; \
        fi
 
+## Our test case should use the $(...) POSIX form for command substitution,
+## rather than the older `...` form.
+## The point of ignoring text on here-documents is that we want to exempt
+## Makefile.am rules, configure.ac code and helper shell script created and
+## used by out shell scripts, because Autoconf (as of version 2.69) does not
+## yet ensure that $CONFIG_SHELL will be set to a proper POSIX shell.
+sc_tests_command_subst:
+       @found=false; \
+       scan () { \
+         sed -n -e '/^#/d' \
+                -e '/<<.*END/,/^END/b' -e '/<<.*EOF/,/^EOF/b' \
+                -e 's/\\`/\\{backtick}/' \
+                -e "s/[^\\]'\([^']*\`[^']*\)*'/'{quoted-text}'/g" \
+                -e '/`/p' $$*; \
+       }; \
+       for file in $(xtests); do \
+         res=`scan $$file`; \
+         if test -n "$$res"; then \
+           echo "$$file:$$res"; \
+           found=true; \
+         fi; \
+       done; \
+       if $$found; then \
+         echo 'Use $$(...), not `...`, for command substitutions.' >&2; \
+         exit 1; \
+       fi
+
 ## Tests should never call exit directly, but use Exit.
 ## This is so that the exit status is transported correctly across the 0 trap.
 ## Ignore comments and our testsuite's own self tests.
diff --git a/t/README b/t/README
index 57cab89..3f56400 100644
--- a/t/README
+++ b/t/README
@@ -137,54 +137,54 @@ Reporting failures
 Writing test cases
 ==================
 
-
-Do
---
-
-  If you plan to fix a bug, write the test case first.  This way you'll
+* If you plan to fix a bug, write the test case first.  This way you'll
   make sure the test catches the bug, and that it succeeds once you have
   fixed the bug.
 
-  Add a copyright/license paragraph.
+* Add a copyright/license paragraph.
 
-  Explain what the test does.
+* Explain what the test does, i.e., which features it checks, which
+  invariants it verifies, or what bugs/issues it guard against.
 
-  Cite the PR number (if any), and the original reporter (if any), so
+* Cite the PR number (if any), and the original reporter (if any), so
   we can find or ask for information if needed.
 
-  If a test checks examples or idioms given in the documentation, make
-  sure the documentation reference them appropriately in comments, as in:
+* If a test checks examples or idioms given in the documentation, make
+  sure the documentation reference them appropriately in comments, as
+  with:
+
     @c Keep in sync with autodist-config-headers.sh
     @example
     ...
     @end example
 
-  Use "required=..." for required tools.  Do not explicitly require
+* Use "required=..." for required tools.  Do not explicitly require
   tools which can be taken for granted because they're listed in the
   GNU Coding Standards (for example, 'gzip').
 
-  Include ./defs in every test script (see existing tests for examples
+* Include ./defs in every test script (see existing tests for examples
   of how to do this).
 
-  Use the 'skip_' function to skip tests, with a meaningful message if
+* Use the 'skip_' function to skip tests, with a meaningful message if
   possible.  Where convenient, use the 'warn_' function to print generic
   warnings, the 'fail_' function for test failures, and the 'fatal_'
   function for hard errors.  In case a hard error is due to a failed
   set-up of a test scenario, you can use the 'framework_fail_' function
   instead.
 
-  For those tests checking the Automake-provided test harnesses that are
-  expected to work also when the 'serial-tests' Automake option is used
-  (thus causing the serial testsuite harness to be used in the generated
-  Makefile), place a line containing "try-with-serial-tests" somewhere
-  in the file.  That will ensure that the 'gen-testsuite-part' script
-  generates a sibling of that test which uses the serial harness instead
-  of the parallel one.  For those tests that are *not* meant to work with
-  the parallel testsuite harness at all (these should be very very few),
+* For those tests checking the Automake-provided test harnesses that
+  are expected to work also when the 'serial-tests' Automake option
+  is used (thus causing the serial testsuite harness to be used in the
+  generated Makefile), place a line containing "try-with-serial-tests"
+  somewhere in the file (usually in a comment).
+  That will ensure that the 'gen-testsuite-part' script generates a
+  sibling of that test which uses the serial harness instead of the
+  parallel one.  For those tests that are *not* meant to work with the
+  parallel testsuite harness at all (these should be very very few),
   set the shell variable 'am_serial_tests' to "yes" before including
   ./defs.
 
-  Some tests in the Automake testsuite are auto-generated; those tests
+* Some tests in the Automake testsuite are auto-generated; those tests
   might have custom extensions, but their basename (that is, with such
   extension stripped) is expected to end with "-w" string, optionally
   followed by decimal digits.  For example, the name of a valid
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ Do
   to be confused with auto-generated tests; for example, 'u-v-w.sh'
   or 'option-w0.tap' are *not* valid name for hand-written tests.
 
-  ./defs brings in some commonly required files, and sets a skeleton
+* ./defs brings in some commonly required files, and sets a skeleton
   configure.ac.  If possible, append to this file.  In some cases
   you'll have to overwrite it, but this should be the exception.  Note
   that configure.ac registers Makefile.in but do not output anything by
@@ -202,55 +202,57 @@ Do
   test directory (which is a rare occurrence), set the 'am_create_testdir'
   shell variable to "empty" before sourcing ./defs.
 
-  By default, the testcases are run with the errexit shell flag on,
+* By default, the testcases are run with the errexit shell flag on,
   to make it easier to catch failures you might not have thought of.
   If  this is undesirable in some testcase, you can use "set +e" to
   disable the errexit flag (but please do so only if you have a very
   good reason).
 
-  End the test script with a ":" or "Exit 0".  Otherwise, when somebody
+* End the test script with a ':' command.  Otherwise, when somebody
   changes the test by adding a failing command after the last command,
-  the test will spuriously fail because $? is nonzero at the end.  Note
-  that this is relevant even if the errexit shell flag is on, in case
-  the test contains commands like "grep ... Makefile.in && Exit 1" (and
-  there are indeed a lot of such tests).
+  the test will spuriously fail because '$?' is nonzero at the end.
+  Note that this is relevant even if the errexit shell flag is on, in
+  case the test contains commands like "grep ... Makefile.in && Exit 1"
+  (and there are indeed a lot of such tests).
 
-  Use $ACLOCAL, $AUTOMAKE, $AUTOCONF, $AUTOUPDATE, $AUTOHEADER,
+* Use $ACLOCAL, $AUTOMAKE, $AUTOCONF, $AUTOUPDATE, $AUTOHEADER,
   $PERL, $MAKE, $EGREP, and $FGREP, instead of the corresponding
   commands.
 
-  Use $sleep when you have to make sure that some file is newer
+* Use '$sleep' when you have to make sure that some file is newer
   than another.
 
-  Use cat or grep or similar commands to display (part of) files that
+* Use cat or grep or similar commands to display (part of) files that
   may be interesting for debugging, so that when a user send a verbose
   output we don't have to ask him for more details.  Display stderr
   output on the stderr file descriptor.  If some redirected command is
   likely to fail, display its output even in the failure case, before
   exiting.
 
-  Use 'Exit' rather than 'exit' to abort for leave early from a test
+* Use 'Exit' rather than 'exit' to abort for leave early from a test
   case.
 
-  Use '$PATH_SEPARATOR', not hard-coded ':', as the separator of
+* Use '$PATH_SEPARATOR', not hard-coded ':', as the separator of
   PATH's entries.
 
-  It's more important to make sure that a feature works, than make
+* It's more important to make sure that a feature works, than make
   sure that Automake's output looks correct.  It might look correct
   and still fail to work.  In other words, prefer running 'make' over
   grepping Makefile.in (or do both).
 
-  If you run $ACLOCAL, $AUTOMAKE or $AUTOCONF several times in the
+* If you run $ACLOCAL, $AUTOMAKE or $AUTOCONF several times in the
   same test and change configure.ac by the meantime, do
+
     rm -rf autom4te*.cache
+
   before the following runs.  On fast machines the new configure.ac
   could otherwise have the same timestamp as the old autom4te.cache.
 
-  Use filenames with two consecutive spaces when testing that some
+* Use filenames with two consecutive spaces when testing that some
   code preserves filenames with spaces.  This will catch errors like
   `echo $filename | ...`.
 
-  Make sure your test script can be used to faithfully check an
+* Make sure your test script can be used to faithfully check an
   installed version of automake (as with "make installcheck").  For
   example, if you need to copy or grep an automake-provided script,
   do not assume that they can be found in the '$top_srcdir/lib'
@@ -258,27 +260,27 @@ Do
   such "$am_...dir" variables can be found in the 'defs-static.in'
   file.
 
-  When writing input for lex, include the following in the definitions
+* When writing input for lex, include the following in the definitions
   section:
+
     %{
     #define YY_NO_UNISTD_H 1
     %}
+
   to accommodate non-ANSI systems, since GNU flex generates code that
   includes unistd.h otherwise.  Also add:
+
     int isatty (int fd) { return 0; }
+
   to the definitions section if the generated code is to be compiled
   by a C++ compiler, for similar reasons (i.e., the isatty(3) function
   from that same unistd.h header would be required otherwise).
 
-  Before commit: make sure the test is executable, add the tests to
+* Before commit: make sure the test is executable, add the tests to
   TESTS in Makefile.am, add it to XFAIL_TESTS in addition if needed,
   write a ChangeLog entry, send the diff to <address@hidden>.
 
-
-Do not
-------
-
-  In test scripts, prefer using POSIX constructs over their old
+* In test scripts, prefer using POSIX constructs over their old
   Bourne-only equivalents:
 
     - use $(...), not `...`, for command substitution;
@@ -288,23 +290,28 @@ Do not
       paraphrases like "if CMD; then :; else ...".
     - prefer use of ${param%pattern} and ${param#pattern} parameter
       expansions over processing by 'sed' or 'expr'.
-  
-  Note however that, when writing Makefile recipes or shell code in a
+
+* Note however that, when writing Makefile recipes or shell code in a
   configure.ac, you should still use `...` instead, because the Autoconf
   generated configure scripts do not ensure they will find a truly POSIX
   shell (even though they will prefer and use it *if* it's found).
 
-  Do not test an Automake error with "$AUTOMAKE && Exit 1", or in three
+* Do not test an Automake error with "$AUTOMAKE && Exit 1", or in three
   years we'll discover that this test failed for some other bogus reason.
   This happened many times.  Better use something like
+
      AUTOMAKE_fails
      grep 'expected diagnostic' stderr
-  (Note this doesn't prevent the test from failing for another reason,
-  but at least it makes sure the original error is still here).
 
-  Do not override Makefile variables using make arguments, as in e.g.:
+  Note this doesn't prevent the test from failing for another reason,
+  but at least it makes sure the original error is still here.
+
+* Do not override Makefile variables using make arguments, as in e.g.:
+
     $MAKE prefix=/opt install
+
   This is not portable for recursive targets (targets that call a
   sub-make may not pass "prefix=/opt" along).  Use the following
   instead:
+
     prefix=/opt $MAKE -e install
diff --git a/t/aclocal-verbose-install.sh b/t/aclocal-verbose-install.sh
index 594c607..095a3f7 100755
--- a/t/aclocal-verbose-install.sh
+++ b/t/aclocal-verbose-install.sh
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 # along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
-# Check verbose messages by `aclocal --install'.
+# Check verbose messages by 'aclocal --install'.
 
 am_create_testdir=empty
 . ./defs || Exit 1
diff --git a/t/add-missing.tap b/t/add-missing.tap
index 6f16a0a..902ff3b 100755
--- a/t/add-missing.tap
+++ b/t/add-missing.tap
@@ -169,11 +169,11 @@ check_ ()
     for f in $files; do
       command_ok_ \
         "$pfx warn about missing file $f" \
-        grep "required file ['\`]$build_aux/$f' not found" stderr
+        $FGREP "required file '$build_aux/$f' not found" stderr
       # Suggest the user to use '--add-missing'.
       command_ok_ \
         "$pfx suggest --add-missing for $f" \
-        grep ".*--add-missing.* install .*$f" stderr
+        grep ".*--add-missing.* install .*'$f'" stderr
     done
     # No files should be automatically installed by automake if it
     # is not told to.
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ check_ ()
     for f in $files; do
       command_ok_ \
         "$pfx report installation of $f" \
-        grep ": installing ['\`]$build_aux/$f'$" stderr
+        $FGREP ": installing '$build_aux/$f'" stderr
     done
     # Only the expected files should be installed.  But automake always
     # require 'missing' and 'install-sh', so account for them.
diff --git a/t/ansi2knr-no-more.sh b/t/ansi2knr-no-more.sh
index fb2e2a5..99f2e92 100755
--- a/t/ansi2knr-no-more.sh
+++ b/t/ansi2knr-no-more.sh
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ for opt in ansi2knr lib/ansi2knr; do
   AUTOMAKE_fails -Wnone
   grep "^Makefile\.am:1:.*$warn_rx" stderr
   # ansi2knr option in configure.ac
-  echo > Makefile.am # `echo', not `:', for Solaris /bin/sh.
+  echo > Makefile.am # 'echo', not ':', for Solaris /bin/sh.
   sed "s|^\\(AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE\\).*|\1([$opt])|" configure.sav >configure.ac
   cat configure.ac # For debugging.
   rm -rf autom4te*.cache
diff --git a/t/autodist-no-duplicate.sh b/t/autodist-no-duplicate.sh
index 2e610ae..0055e4c 100755
--- a/t/autodist-no-duplicate.sh
+++ b/t/autodist-no-duplicate.sh
@@ -24,14 +24,14 @@ re='Files .*automatically distributed.*if found'
 # The automake manual states that the list of automatically-distributed
 # files should be given by 'automake --help'.
 
-list1=`$AUTOMAKE --help \
-        | sed -n "/^$re.*always/,/^ *$/p" \
-        | sed 1d`
+list1=$($AUTOMAKE --help \
+         | sed -n "/^$re.*always/,/^ *$/p" \
+         | sed 1d)
 list1=$(echo $list1)
 
-list2=`$AUTOMAKE --help \
-        | sed -n "/^$re.*under certain conditions/,/^ *$/p" \
-        | sed 1d`
+list2=$($AUTOMAKE --help \
+         | sed -n "/^$re.*under certain conditions/,/^ *$/p" \
+         | sed 1d)
 list2=$(echo $list2)
 
 test -n "$list1"
diff --git a/t/autodist-subdir.sh b/t/autodist-subdir.sh
index 19d22dc..1454edd 100755
--- a/t/autodist-subdir.sh
+++ b/t/autodist-subdir.sh
@@ -36,9 +36,9 @@ $AUTOCONF
 
 # The automake manual states that the list of automatically-distributed
 # files should be given by 'automake --help'.
-list=`$AUTOMAKE --help \
-        | sed -n '/^Files.*automatically distributed.*if found.*always/,/^ 
*$/p' \
-        | sed 1d`
+list=$($AUTOMAKE --help \
+         | sed -n '/^Files.*automatically distributed.*if found.*always/,/^ 
*$/p' \
+         | sed 1d)
 # Normalize whitespace, just in case.
 list=$(echo $list)
 
diff --git a/t/autodist.sh b/t/autodist.sh
index f8f68ad..952df4a 100755
--- a/t/autodist.sh
+++ b/t/autodist.sh
@@ -35,9 +35,9 @@ $AUTOCONF
 
 # The automake manual states that the list of automatically-distributed
 # files should be given by 'automake --help'.
-list=`$AUTOMAKE --help \
-        | sed -n '/^Files.*automatically distributed.*if found.*always/,/^ 
*$/p' \
-        | sed 1d`
+list=$($AUTOMAKE --help \
+         | sed -n '/^Files.*automatically distributed.*if found.*always/,/^ 
*$/p' \
+         | sed 1d)
 # Normalize whitespace, just in case.
 list=$(echo $list)
 
diff --git a/t/ax/depcomp.sh b/t/ax/depcomp.sh
index 7a60229..f8e372f 100644
--- a/t/ax/depcomp.sh
+++ b/t/ax/depcomp.sh
@@ -134,11 +134,11 @@ AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE
 AC_PROG_CC
 AM_PROG_CC_C_O
 AM_PROG_AR
-`if test $depcomp_with_libtool = yes; then
-  echo AC_PROG_LIBTOOL
-else
-  echo AC_PROG_RANLIB
-fi`
+$(if test $depcomp_with_libtool = yes; then
+    echo AC_PROG_LIBTOOL
+  else
+    echo AC_PROG_RANLIB
+  fi)
 AC_CONFIG_FILES([Makefile src/Makefile])
 AC_OUTPUT
 END
diff --git a/t/ax/tap-summary-aux.sh b/t/ax/tap-summary-aux.sh
index 2fadb3d..8962326 100644
--- a/t/ax/tap-summary-aux.sh
+++ b/t/ax/tap-summary-aux.sh
@@ -82,13 +82,13 @@ do_check ()
 }
 
 if test $use_colors = yes; then
-  red=''
-  grn=''
-  lgn=''
-  blu=''
-  mgn=''
-  brg=''
-  std=''
+  red="$esc[0;31m"
+  grn="$esc[0;32m"
+  lgn="$esc[1;32m"
+  blu="$esc[1;34m"
+  mgn="$esc[0;35m"
+  brg="$esc[1m"
+  std="$esc[m"
   echo AUTOMAKE_OPTIONS = color-tests >> Makefile.am
 else
   red= grn= lgn= blu= mgn= brg= std=
diff --git a/t/ax/test-init.sh b/t/ax/test-init.sh
index 01d4584..116d4b1 100644
--- a/t/ax/test-init.sh
+++ b/t/ax/test-init.sh
@@ -26,10 +26,13 @@ set -e
 # Test scripts can override it if they need to (but this should
 # be done carefully).
 if test -z "$me"; then
-  # Guard against failure to spawn sed (seen on MSYS), or empty $argv0.
-  me=`echo "$argv0" | sed -e 's,.*[\\/],,;s/\.sh$//;s/\.tap$//'` \
-    && test -n "$me" \
-    || { echo "$argv0: failed to define \$me" >&2; exit 99; }
+  # Strip all directory components.
+  me=${argv0##*/}
+  # Strip test suffix.
+  case $me in
+    *.tap) me=${me%.tap};;
+     *.sh) me=${me%.sh} ;;
+  esac
 fi
 
 
@@ -63,6 +66,8 @@ tab=' '
 # A newline character.
 nl='
 '
+# A literal escape character.  Used by test checking colored output.
+esc=''
 
 # As autoconf-generated configure scripts do, ensure that IFS
 # is defined initially, so that saving and restoring $IFS works.
@@ -754,6 +759,15 @@ do
         *) FC=$F77 FCFLAGS=$FFLAGS; export FC FCFLAGS;;
       esac
       ;;
+    grep-nonprint)
+      # Check that grep can parse nonprinting characters correctly.
+      # BSD 'grep' works from a pipe, but not a seekable file.
+      # GNU or BSD 'grep -a' works on files, but is not portable.
+      case $(echo "$esc" | grep .)$(echo "$esc" | grep "$esc") in
+        "$esc$esc") ;;
+        *) skip_ "grep can't handle nonprinting characters correctly";;
+      esac
+      ;;
     javac)
       # The Java compiler from JDK 1.5 (and presumably earlier versions)
       # cannot handle the '-version' option by itself: it bails out
diff --git a/t/color.sh b/t/color.sh
index 18c6e23..5726ac1 100755
--- a/t/color.sh
+++ b/t/color.sh
@@ -17,10 +17,10 @@
 # Test Automake TESTS color output, by forcing it.
 # Keep this in sync with the sister test 'color2.test'.
 
+required='grep-nonprint'
 # For gen-testsuite-part: ==> try-with-serial-tests <==
 . ./defs || Exit 1
 
-esc=''
 # Escape '[' for grep, below.
 red="$esc\[0;31m"
 grn="$esc\[0;32m"
@@ -29,14 +29,6 @@ blu="$esc\[1;34m"
 mgn="$esc\[0;35m"
 std="$esc\[m"
 
-# Check that grep can parse nonprinting characters.
-# BSD 'grep' works from a pipe, but not a seekable file.
-# GNU or BSD 'grep -a' works on files, but is not portable.
-case $(echo "$std" | grep .) in
-  "$std") ;;
-  *) skip_ "grep can't parse nonprinting characters";;
-esac
-
 cat >>configure.ac <<END
 AC_OUTPUT
 END
@@ -78,7 +70,8 @@ $AUTOMAKE --add-missing
 
 test_color ()
 {
-  # Not a useless use of cat; see above comments about grep.
+  # Not a useless use of cat; see above comments "grep-nonprinting"
+  # requirement in 'test-init.sh'.
   cat stdout | grep "^${grn}PASS${std}: .*pass"
   cat stdout | grep "^${red}FAIL${std}: .*fail"
   cat stdout | grep "^${blu}SKIP${std}: .*skip"
@@ -106,7 +99,8 @@ test_no_color ()
     # not unduly colorized.
     (
       set +e # In case some grepped regex below isn't matched.
-      # Not a useless use of cat; see above comments about grep.
+      # Not a useless use of cat; see above comments "grep-nonprinting"
+      # requirement in 'test-init.sh'.
       cat stdout | grep "TOTAL.*:"
       cat stdout | grep "PASS.*:"
       cat stdout | grep "FAIL.*:"
diff --git a/t/color2.sh b/t/color2.sh
index 041ffe6..72087a0 100755
--- a/t/color2.sh
+++ b/t/color2.sh
@@ -17,10 +17,10 @@
 # Test Automake TESTS color output, using the expect(1) program.
 # Keep this in sync with the sister test 'color.test'.
 
+required='grep-nonprint'
 # For gen-testsuite-part: ==> try-with-serial-tests <==
 . ./defs || Exit 1
 
-esc=''
 # Escape '[' for grep, below.
 red="$esc\[0;31m"
 grn="$esc\[0;32m"
@@ -29,14 +29,6 @@ blu="$esc\[1;34m"
 mgn="$esc\[0;35m"
 std="$esc\[m"
 
-# Check that grep can parse nonprinting characters.
-# BSD 'grep' works from a pipe, but not a seekable file.
-# GNU or BSD 'grep -a' works on files, but is not portable.
-case $(echo "$std" | grep .) in
-  "$std") ;;
-  *) skip_ "grep can't parse nonprinting characters";;
-esac
-
 # This test requires a working a working 'expect' program.
 # Creative quoting required to avoid spurious maintainer-check failure.
 (set +e; expect -c 'exit ''77'; test $? -eq 77) \
@@ -108,7 +100,8 @@ $AUTOMAKE --add-missing
 
 test_color ()
 {
-  # Not a useless use of cat; see above comments about grep.
+  # Not a useless use of cat; see above comments "grep-nonprinting"
+  # requirement in 'test-init.sh'.
   cat stdout | grep "^${grn}PASS${std}: .*pass"
   cat stdout | grep "^${red}FAIL${std}: .*fail"
   cat stdout | grep "^${blu}SKIP${std}: .*skip"
@@ -136,7 +129,8 @@ test_no_color ()
     # not unduly colorized.
     (
       set +e # In case some grepped regex below isn't matched.
-      # Not a useless use of cat; see above comments about grep.
+      # Not a useless use of cat; see above comments "grep-nonprinting"
+      # requirement in 'test-init.sh'.
       cat stdout | grep "TOTAL.*:"
       cat stdout | grep "PASS.*:"
       cat stdout | grep "FAIL.*:"
diff --git a/t/parallel-tests-no-color-in-log.sh 
b/t/parallel-tests-no-color-in-log.sh
index 69414f7..e8e2030 100755
--- a/t/parallel-tests-no-color-in-log.sh
+++ b/t/parallel-tests-no-color-in-log.sh
@@ -16,19 +16,9 @@
 
 # Colorized output from the testsuite report shouldn't end up in log files.
 
+required='grep-nonprint'
 . ./defs || Exit 1
 
-esc=''
-
-# Check that grep can parse nonprinting characters.
-# BSD 'grep' works from a pipe, but not a seekable file.
-# GNU or BSD 'grep -a' works on files, but is not portable.
-case `echo "$esc" | $FGREP "$esc"` in
-  "$esc") ;;
-# Creative quoting below to please maintainer-check.
-  *) echo "$me: f""grep can't parse nonprinting characters" >&2; Exit 77;;
-esac
-
 TERM=ansi; export TERM
 
 cat >>configure.ac <<END
@@ -57,6 +47,8 @@ $AUTOMAKE --add-missing
 ./configure
 mv config.log config-log # Avoid possible false positives below.
 AM_COLOR_TESTS=always $MAKE -e check && Exit 1
-$FGREP "$esc" *.log && Exit 1
+# Not a useless use of cat; see above comments "grep-nonprinting"
+# requirement in 'test-init.sh'.
+cat *.log | grep "$esc" && Exit 1
 
 :
diff --git a/t/parallel-tests-reset-term.sh b/t/parallel-tests-reset-term.sh
index cf9fb6c..9335d61 100755
--- a/t/parallel-tests-reset-term.sh
+++ b/t/parallel-tests-reset-term.sh
@@ -17,20 +17,11 @@
 # Check that the parallel-tests driver correctly handle overrides of the
 # TERM variable by either TESTS_ENVIRONMENT and AM_TESTS_ENVIRONMENT.
 
+required='grep-nonprint'
 . ./defs || Exit 1
 
-esc='['
-
 TERM=ansi; export TERM
 
-# Check that grep can parse nonprinting characters.
-# BSD 'grep' works from a pipe, but not a seekable file.
-# GNU or BSD 'grep -a' works on files, but is not portable.
-case `echo "$esc" | $FGREP "$esc"` in
-  "$esc") ;;
-  *) skip_ "$FGREP can't parse nonprinting characters" ;;
-esac
-
 cat >> configure.ac << 'END'
 AC_OUTPUT
 END
@@ -67,9 +58,9 @@ $AUTOMAKE -a
 ./configure
 
 mkcheck TESTS_ENVIRONMENT='TERM=dumb'
-cat stdout | grep "PASS.*foobar" | $FGREP "$esc"
+cat stdout | grep "PASS.*foobar" | grep "$esc\\["
 
 mkcheck AM_TESTS_ENVIRONMENT='TERM=dumb'
-cat stdout | grep "PASS.*foobar" | $FGREP "$esc"
+cat stdout | grep "PASS.*foobar" | grep "$esc\\["
 
 :
diff --git a/t/perf/testsuite-recheck.sh b/t/perf/testsuite-recheck.sh
index 50cc03b..6fd793b 100755
--- a/t/perf/testsuite-recheck.sh
+++ b/t/perf/testsuite-recheck.sh
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ END
 # Temporarily disable shell traces, to avoid bloating the log file.
 set +x
 
-for i in `seq_ 1 $count`; do
+for i in $(seq_ 1 $count); do
   echo dummy $i > $i.log
   echo :global-test-result: PASS > $i.trs
   echo :test-result: PASS >> $i.trs
diff --git a/t/perf/testsuite-summary.sh b/t/perf/testsuite-summary.sh
index a11bb8e..cefef17 100755
--- a/t/perf/testsuite-summary.sh
+++ b/t/perf/testsuite-summary.sh
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ END
 # Temporarily disable shell traces, to avoid bloating the log file.
 set +x
 
-for i in `seq_ 1 $count`; do
+for i in $(seq_ 1 $count); do
   echo false > $i.t
   echo dummy $i > $i.log
   echo :global-test-result: PASS > $i.trs
diff --git a/t/remake11.sh b/t/remake11.sh
index 93ef224..3b97df9 100755
--- a/t/remake11.sh
+++ b/t/remake11.sh
@@ -48,10 +48,10 @@ bottom=$(pwd) || fatal_ "getting current working directory"
 
 cd "$ocwd"
 
-makefiles_am_list=`find . -name Makefile.am | LC_ALL=C sort`
-makefiles_list=`echo "$makefiles_am_list" | sed 's/\.am$//'`
-bar_in_list=`find . -name bar.in | LC_ALL=C sort`
-bar_list=`echo "$bar_in_list" | sed 's/\.in$//'`
+makefiles_am_list=$(find . -name Makefile.am | LC_ALL=C sort)
+makefiles_list=$(echo "$makefiles_am_list" | sed 's/\.am$//')
+bar_in_list=$(find . -name bar.in | LC_ALL=C sort)
+bar_list=$(echo "$bar_in_list" | sed 's/\.in$//')
 
 cat configure.ac # For debugging.
 
diff --git a/t/self-check-me.tap b/t/self-check-me.tap
index 2b720fa..0ac8e20 100755
--- a/t/self-check-me.tap
+++ b/t/self-check-me.tap
@@ -59,8 +59,8 @@ result_ "$r" "override of \$me before ./defs is honored"
 unset r
 
 # Overriding $me after sourcing ./defs-static should work.
-s=`$AM_TEST_RUNNER_SHELL -c '. ./defs-static && me=zardoz &&
-                             . ./defs && echo me=$me' bad.sh`
+s=$($AM_TEST_RUNNER_SHELL -c '. ./defs-static && me=zardoz &&
+                              . ./defs && echo me=$me' bad.sh)
 command_ok_ "override of \$me after ./defs-static causes no error" \
             test $? -eq 0
 
diff --git a/t/tap-color.sh b/t/tap-color.sh
index 6a91f06..5a8e1bc 100755
--- a/t/tap-color.sh
+++ b/t/tap-color.sh
@@ -17,9 +17,9 @@
 # TAP support:
 #  - colorization of TAP results and diagnostic messages
 
+required='grep-nonprint'
 . ./defs || Exit 1
 
-esc=''
 # Escape '[' for grep, below.
 red="$esc\[0;31m"
 grn="$esc\[0;32m"
@@ -28,14 +28,6 @@ blu="$esc\[1;34m"
 mgn="$esc\[0;35m"
 std="$esc\[m"
 
-# Check that grep can parse nonprinting characters.
-# BSD 'grep' works from a pipe, but not a seekable file.
-# GNU or BSD 'grep -a' works on files, but is not portable.
-case `echo "$std" | grep .` in
-  "$std") ;;
-  *) echo "$me: grep can't parse nonprinting characters" >&2; Exit 77;;
-esac
-
 cat > Makefile.am << 'END'
 AUTOMAKE_OPTIONS = color-tests
 AM_TEST_LOG_DRIVER_FLAGS = --comments
@@ -101,7 +93,8 @@ END
 
 test_color ()
 {
-  # Not a useless use of cat; see above comments about grep.
+  # Not a useless use of cat; see above comments "grep-nonprinting"
+  # requirement in 'test-init.sh'.
   cat stdout | grep "^${grn}PASS${std}: all\.test 1 - foo$"
   cat stdout | grep "^${lgn}XFAIL${std}: all\.test 2 - bar # TODO td$"
   cat stdout | grep "^${blu}SKIP${std}: all\.test 3 - baz # SKIP sk$"
@@ -134,7 +127,8 @@ test_no_color ()
     # colorized.
     (
       set +e # In case some grepped regex below isn't matched.
-      # Not a useless use of cat; see above comments about grep.
+      # Not a useless use of cat; see above comments "grep-nonprinting"
+      # requirement in 'test-init.sh'.
       cat stdout | grep "TOTAL.*:"
       cat stdout | grep "PASS.*:"
       cat stdout | grep "FAIL.*:"
diff --git a/t/tap-global-log.sh b/t/tap-global-log.sh
index 493a5a4..8267a3d 100755
--- a/t/tap-global-log.sh
+++ b/t/tap-global-log.sh
@@ -113,8 +113,10 @@ done
 
 grep '^1\.\.0 # SKIP all$' test-suite.log
 
-case `cat test-suite.log` in
-  *"`cat hodgepodge`"*) ;;
+test_suite_contents=$(cat test-suite.log)
+hodgepodge_contents=$(cat hodgepodge)
+case $test_suite_contents in
+  *"$hodgepodge_contents"*) ;;
   *) Exit 1;;
 esac
 
diff --git a/t/vartypo2.sh b/t/vartypo2.sh
index cc9f4dd..7941fbb 100755
--- a/t/vartypo2.sh
+++ b/t/vartypo2.sh
@@ -40,18 +40,18 @@ $ACLOCAL
 AUTOMAKE_fails --add-missing
 # The expected diagnostic is:
 # automake: warnings are treated as errors
-# Makefile.am:3: warning: variable `EXTRA_libfoo_la_SOURCES' is defined but no 
program or
-# Makefile.am:3: library has `libfoo_la' as canonical name (possible typo)
-# Makefile.am:1: warning: variable `libfoo_la_SOURCES' is defined but no 
program or
-# Makefile.am:1: library has `libfoo_la' as canonical name (possible typo)
-# Makefile.am:2: warning: variable `nodist_libfoo_la_SOURCES' is defined but 
no program or
-# Makefile.am:2: library has `libfoo_la' as canonical name (possible typo)
-# Makefile.am:4: warning: variable `libfoo_la_LIBADD' is defined but no 
program or
-# Makefile.am:4: library has `libfoo_la' as canonical name (possible typo)
-# Makefile.am:6: warning: variable `EXTRA_libfoo_la_DEPENDENCIES' is defined 
but no program or
-# Makefile.am:6: library has `libfoo_la' as canonical name (possible typo)
-# Makefile.am:5: warning: variable `libfoo_la_DEPENDENCIES' is defined but no 
program or
-# Makefile.am:5: library has `libfoo_la' as canonical name (possible typo)
+# Makefile.am:3: warning: variable 'EXTRA_libfoo_la_SOURCES' is defined but no 
program or
+# Makefile.am:3: library has 'libfoo_la' as canonical name (possible typo)
+# Makefile.am:1: warning: variable 'libfoo_la_SOURCES' is defined but no 
program or
+# Makefile.am:1: library has 'libfoo_la' as canonical name (possible typo)
+# Makefile.am:2: warning: variable 'nodist_libfoo_la_SOURCES' is defined but 
no program or
+# Makefile.am:2: library has 'libfoo_la' as canonical name (possible typo)
+# Makefile.am:4: warning: variable 'libfoo_la_LIBADD' is defined but no 
program or
+# Makefile.am:4: library has 'libfoo_la' as canonical name (possible typo)
+# Makefile.am:6: warning: variable 'EXTRA_libfoo_la_DEPENDENCIES' is defined 
but no program or
+# Makefile.am:6: library has 'libfoo_la' as canonical name (possible typo)
+# Makefile.am:5: warning: variable 'libfoo_la_DEPENDENCIES' is defined but no 
program or
+# Makefile.am:5: library has 'libfoo_la' as canonical name (possible typo)
 
 grep 'as canonical' stderr | grep -v ' .libfoo_la. ' && Exit 1
 test $(grep -c 'variable.*is defined but' stderr) -eq 6
diff --git a/t/vtexi4.sh b/t/vtexi4.sh
index 27b0636..dcdcf85 100755
--- a/t/vtexi4.sh
+++ b/t/vtexi4.sh
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 # for more vers*.texi files, and does not require makeinfo, tex and
 # texi2dvi.
 
-required='makeinfo tex texi2dvi-o'
+required='makeinfo tex texi2dvi-o grep-nonprint'
 . ./defs || Exit 1
 
 test $(LC_ALL=C date '+%u') -gt 0 && test $(LC_ALL=C date '+%u') -lt 8 \
@@ -31,9 +31,6 @@ test $(LC_ALL=C date '+%u') -gt 0 && test $(LC_ALL=C date 
'+%u') -lt 8 \
   || skip_ "'date' is not POSIX-compliant enough"
 day=$(echo "$day" | sed 's/^0//')
 
-(echo 'x' | grep x) \
-  || skip_ "grep doesn't work on input that is not pure text"
-
 cat > configure.ac << END
 AC_INIT([$me], [123.456])
 AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE
@@ -51,7 +48,7 @@ cat > Makefile.am << 'END'
 include defs.am
 info_TEXINFOS = foo.texi
 test-grepinfo:
-## Not useless uses of cat: we only tested that grep worked on
+## Not useless uses of cat: we only tested that grep works on
 ## non-text input when that's given from a pipe.
        cat $(srcdir)/foo.info | grep 'GREPVERSION=$(my_version_rx)='
        cat $(srcdir)/foo.info | grep 'GREPEDITION=$(my_version_rx)='


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