Make error: undefined reference to openCV functions (error: ld returned 1 exit status)

[Alessandro Salatiello]

Hello,

I'm totally new to Make and Automake but I need to build a project which
uses Automake.
I'm using Ubuntu 12.04 and I've installed with succes the openCV library
(version 2.4.3) which  I had used in several small projects which I built
using:

g++ sourcefile.cpp `pkg-config opencv --cflags --libs` .
.

Now, I think that the reason why Make gives me this error is because I
haven't added the instruction `pkg-config opencv --cflags --libs` in the
proper Makefile.am .

I've tried to add that instruction to the LDFLAGS but Make keeps on giving
me the same error in output.

This is the src/libcnbiVisualNavigation/Makefile.am I tried to modify:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
lib_LTLIBRARIES = libnavigation.la
include_HEADERS =  \
                        some_headers.h

libnavigation_la_SOURCES = \
                             some_sources.cpp

libnavigation_la_LDFLAGS = -version-info $(CURRENT):$(REVISION):$(AGE)
-release $(RELEASE) `pkg-config opencv --cflags --libs`
libnavigation_la_LIBADD = -lm $(OPENCV_LIBS) -lboost_thread-mt
-lboost_signals-mt -lcnbiVisualNavigation
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


This is the output that make gives to me:

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Making all in src/libnavigation
make[1]: Entering directory
`/home/robotinob/mlwcp/ccp/wccontrol/build/src/libnavigation'
make[1]: Nothing to be done for `all'.
make[1]: Leaving directory
`/home/robotinob/mlwcp/ccp/wccontrol/build/src/libnavigation'
Making all in src/bin
make[1]: Entering directory
`/home/robotinob/mlwcp/ccp/wccontrol/build/src/bin'
make[1]: Nothing to be done for `all'.
make[1]: Leaving directory
`/home/robotinob/mlwcp/ccp/wccontrol/build/src/bin'
Making all in examples
make[1]: Entering directory
`/home/robotinob/mlwcp/ccp/wccontrol/build/examples'
/bin/bash ../libtool --tag=CXX --mode=link g++  -g -O2
 -L/home/robotinob/OpenRobotino//lib: -o wheelchair  wheelchair.o
../src/libnavigation/libnavigation.la
libtool: link: g++ -g -O2 -o .libs/wheelchair wheelchair.o
 -L/home/robotinob/OpenRobotino//lib:
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so
wheelchair.o: In function `main':
/home/robotinob/mlwcp/ccp/wccontrol/build/examples/../../examples/wheelchair.cpp:391:
undefined reference to `cv::getTickFrequency()'
/home/robotinob/mlwcp/ccp/wccontrol/build/examples/../../examples/wheelchair.cpp:397:
undefined reference to `cv::waitKey(int)'
/home/robotinob/mlwcp/ccp/wccontrol/build/examples/../../examples/wheelchair.cpp:403:
undefined reference to `cv::getTickCount()'
/home/robotinob/mlwcp/ccp/wccontrol/build/examples/../../examples/wheelchair.cpp:428:
undefined reference to `cv::getTickCount()'
/usr/local/lib/libcnbiVisualNavigation-0.so.0: undefined reference to
`cv::VideoCapture::get(int)'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::rectangle(cv::Mat&, cv::Point_<int>, cv::Point_<int>,
cv::Scalar_<double> const&, int, int, int)'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::Mat::deallocate()'
/usr/local/lib/libcnbiVisualNavigation-0.so.0: undefined reference to
`cv::VideoCapture::read(cv::Mat&)'
/usr/local/lib/libcnbiVisualNavigation-0.so.0: undefined reference to
`typeinfo for cv::VideoCapture'
/usr/local/lib/libcnbiVisualNavigation-0.so.0: undefined reference to
`cv::clipLine(cv::Size_<int>, cv::Point_<int>&, cv::Point_<int>&)'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::warpAffine(cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_OutputArray const&,
cv::_InputArray const&, cv::Size_<int>, int, int,
cv::Scalar_<double> const&)'
/usr/local/lib/libcnbiVisualNavigation-0.so.0: undefined reference to
`cv::GaussianBlur(cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_OutputArray const&,
cv::Size_<int>, double, double, int)'
/usr/local/lib/libcnbiVisualNavigation-0.so.0: undefined reference to
`cv::VideoCapture::open(int)'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::FileStorage::FileStorage(std::string const&, int, std::string const&)'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::Mat::operator=(cv::Scalar_<double> const&)'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::VideoWriter::VideoWriter()'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::FileStorage::operator[](char const*) const'
/usr/local/lib/libcnbiVisualNavigation-0.so.0: undefined reference to
`cv::bitwise_not(cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_OutputArray const&,
cv::_InputArray const&)'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::VideoWriter::~VideoWriter()'
/usr/local/lib/libcnbiVisualNavigation-0.so.0: undefined reference to
`cv::VideoCapture::retrieve(cv::Mat&, int)'
/usr/local/lib/libcnbiVisualNavigation-0.so.0: undefined reference to
`cv::blur(cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_OutputArray const&, cv::Size_<int>,
cv::Point_<int>, int)'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::getRotationMatrix2D(cv::Point_<float>, double, double)'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::MatConstIterator::seek(long, bool)'
/usr/local/lib/libcnbiVisualNavigation-0.so.0: undefined reference to
`cvReleaseMat'
/usr/local/lib/libcnbiVisualNavigation-0.so.0: undefined reference to
`cv::add(cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_OutputArray
const&, cv::_InputArray const&, int)'
/usr/local/lib/libcnbiVisualNavigation-0.so.0: undefined reference to
`cv::VideoCapture::open(std::string const&)'
/usr/local/lib/libcnbiVisualNavigation-0.so.0: undefined reference to
`cv::remap(cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_OutputArray const&, cv::_InputArray
const&, cv::_InputArray const&, int, int, cv::Scalar_<double> const&)'
/usr/local/lib/libcnbiVisualNavigation-0.so.0: undefined reference to
`cv::distanceTransform(cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_OutputArray const&,
int, int)'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::MatConstIterator::seek(int const*, bool)'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::Mat::create(int, int const*, int)'
/usr/local/lib/libcnbiVisualNavigation-0.so.0: undefined reference to
`cv::VideoCapture::~VideoCapture()'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::Mat::copyTo(cv::_OutputArray const&) const'
/usr/local/lib/libcnbiVisualNavigation-0.so.0: undefined reference to
`cvLoad'
/usr/local/lib/libcnbiVisualNavigation-0.so.0: undefined reference to
`cv::flip(cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_OutputArray const&, int)'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::imshow(std::string const&, cv::_InputArray const&)'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::fillConvexPoly(cv::Mat&, cv::Point_<int> const*, int,
cv::Scalar_<double> const&, int, int)'
/usr/local/lib/libcnbiVisualNavigation-0.so.0: undefined reference to
`cvReleaseImage'
/usr/local/lib/libcnbiVisualNavigation-0.so.0: undefined reference to
`cv::VideoCapture::grab()'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cvNamedWindow'
/usr/local/lib/libcnbiVisualNavigation-0.so.0: undefined reference to
`cv::VideoCapture::set(int, double)'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::_OutputArray::_OutputArray(cv::Mat&)'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::circle(cv::Mat&, cv::Point_<int>, int, cv::Scalar_<double> const&,
int, int, int)'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::_InputArray::_InputArray(double const&)'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::Mat::convertTo(cv::_OutputArray const&, int, double, double) const'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cvDestroyAllWindows'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::VideoWriter::operator<<(cv::Mat const&)'
/usr/local/lib/libcnbiVisualNavigation-0.so.0: undefined reference to
`cv::Mat::Mat(CvMat const*, bool)'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cvDestroyWindow'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::Mat::copySize(cv::Mat const&)'
/usr/local/lib/libcnbiVisualNavigation-0.so.0: undefined reference to
`cvCreateImage'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::imwrite(std::string const&, cv::_InputArray const&, std::vector<int,
std::allocator<int> > const&)'
/usr/local/lib/libcnbiVisualNavigation-0.so.0: undefined reference to
`cv::cvtColor(cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_OutputArray const&, int, int)'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::FileStorage::~FileStorage()'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::Mat::setTo(cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_InputArray const&)'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::FileNode::operator[](std::string const&) const'
/usr/local/lib/libcnbiVisualNavigation-0.so.0: undefined reference to
`cv::Canny(cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_OutputArray const&, double, double,
int, bool)'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::ellipse(cv::Mat&, cv::Point_<int>, cv::Size_<int>, double, double,
double, cv::Scalar_<double> const&, int, int, int)'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::_InputArray::_InputArray(cv::Mat const&)'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::noArray()'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to `vtable
for cv::_OutputArray'
/usr/local/lib/libcnbiVisualNavigation-0.so.0: undefined reference to
`cv::VideoCapture::VideoCapture()'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::VideoWriter::open(std::string const&, int, double, cv::Size_<int>,
bool)'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::FileStorage::isOpened() const'
/usr/local/lib/libcnbiVisualNavigation-0.so.0: undefined reference to
`cv::initUndistortRectifyMap(cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_InputArray
const&, cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_InputArray const&, cv::Size_<int>,
int, cv::_OutputArray const&, cv::_OutputArray const&)'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::fastFree(void*)'
/usr/local/lib/libcnbiVisualNavigation-0.so.0: undefined reference to
`cvGetSize'
/usr/local/lib/libcnbiVisualNavigation-0.so.0: undefined reference to
`cv::Mat::zeros(int, int, int)'
/usr/local/lib/libcnbiVisualNavigation-0.so.0: undefined reference to
`cv::VideoCapture::isOpened() const'
/usr/local/lib/libcnbiVisualNavigation-0.so.0: undefined reference to
`cvSplit'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::Mat::reshape(int, int, int const*) const'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::FileNode::operator[](char const*) const'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::VideoWriter::isOpened() const'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::line(cv::Mat&, cv::Point_<int>, cv::Point_<int>,
cv::Scalar_<double> const&, int, int, int)'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::putText(cv::Mat&, std::string const&, cv::Point_<int>, int, double,
cv::Scalar_<double>, int, int, bool)'
/usr/local/lib/libcnbiVisualNavigation-0.so.0: undefined reference to
`cv::VideoCapture::release()'
../src/libnavigation/.libs/libnavigation.so: undefined reference to
`cv::resize(cv::_InputArray const&, cv::_OutputArray const&,
cv::Size_<int>, double, double, int)'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make[1]: *** [wheelchair] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory
`/home/robotinob/mlwcp/ccp/wccontrol/build/examples'
make: *** [all-recursive] Error 1
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Do you have any other suggestion to solve this problem?
If you need some further information, please tell me!

Thank you for your attention!