diff --git a/etc/NEWS b/etc/NEWS
index ff65a5520d..587e17d3f3 100644
--- a/etc/NEWS
+++ b/etc/NEWS
@@ -231,6 +231,13 @@ characters that quote text "like this" are replaced by double
 typographic quotes, “like this”, in text modes, and in comments in
 non-text modes.
 
++++
+** New user option 'flyspell-case-fold-duplications'
+This option controls whether Flyspell mode considers consecutive words
+to be duplicates if they are not in the same case.  If non-nil, the
+default, words are considered to be duplicates even if their letters'
+case does not match.
+
 ---
 ** 'write-abbrev-file' now includes special properties.
 'write-abbrev-file' now writes special properties like ':case-fixed'
diff --git a/lisp/textmodes/flyspell.el b/lisp/textmodes/flyspell.el
index f6a809b18e..e5a7639e20 100644
--- a/lisp/textmodes/flyspell.el
+++ b/lisp/textmodes/flyspell.el
@@ -68,6 +68,12 @@ flyspell-mark-duplications-flag
   :group 'flyspell
   :type 'boolean)
 
+(defcustom flyspell-case-fold-duplications t
+  "Non-nil means Flyspell matches duplicate words case-insensitively."
+  :group 'flyspell
+  :type 'boolean
+  :version 27.1)
+
 (defcustom flyspell-mark-duplications-exceptions
   '((nil . ("that" "had")) ; Common defaults for English.
     ("\\`francais" . ("nous" "vous")))
@@ -1154,7 +1160,8 @@ flyspell-word
 			      (- (save-excursion
                                    (skip-chars-backward " \t\n\f")))))
 			  (p (when (>= bound (point-min))
-			       (flyspell-word-search-backward word bound t))))
+			       (flyspell-word-search-backward
+                                word bound flyspell-case-fold-duplications))))
 		     (and p (/= p start)))))
 	    ;; yes, this is a doublon
 	    (flyspell-highlight-incorrect-region start end 'doublon)