Thanks. Now the chance of the bug becomes very low, but I managed to get another backtrace. I think we are close to the end.
Thread 1 "emacs" hit Breakpoint 1, signal_or_quit (error_symbol=..., data="" keyboard_quit=false) at eval.c:1793
1793 {
#0 signal_or_quit (error_symbol=..., data="" keyboard_quit=false) at eval.c:1793
#1 0x0000560d8c635853 in quit () at eval.c:1783
#2 0x0000560d8c635731 in process_quit_flag () at eval.c:1730
#3 0x0000560d8c63577d in maybe_quit () at eval.c:1750
#4 0x0000560d8c64aff7 in internal_equal (o1=..., o2=..., equal_kind=EQUAL_PLAIN, depth=0, ht=...) at fns.c:2591
#5 0x0000560d8c64a8e6 in Fequal (o1=..., o2=...) at fns.c:2500
#6 0x0000560d8c711c0d in search_image_cache (f=0x560d8d870a78, spec=..., hash=4330934697943008934, foreground=15457202, background="" font_size=20, font_family=0x560d8d81e1e8 "DejaVu Sans Mono", ignore_colors=false) at image.c:1623
#7 0x0000560d8c713b6a in lookup_image (f=0x560d8d870a78, spec=..., face_id=18) at image.c:2450
#8 0x0000560d8c3e60ea in handle_single_display_spec (it=0x7ffeb78b4820, spec=..., object=..., overlay=..., position=0x7ffeb78b4970, bufpos=0, display_replaced=0, frame_window_p=true, enable_eval_p=true) at xdisp.c:5791
#9 0x0000560d8c3e380f in handle_display_spec (it=0x7ffeb78b4820, spec=..., object=..., overlay=..., position=0x7ffeb78b4970, bufpos=0, frame_window_p=true) at xdisp.c:5278
#10 0x0000560d8c3e3001 in handle_display_prop (it=0x7ffeb78b4820) at xdisp.c:5187
#11 0x0000560d8c3df423 in handle_stop (it=0x7ffeb78b4820) at xdisp.c:3854
#12 0x0000560d8c3ee685 in next_element_from_string (it=0x7ffeb78b4820) at xdisp.c:8524
#13 0x0000560d8c3ebab6 in get_next_display_element (it=0x7ffeb78b4820) at xdisp.c:7500
#14 0x0000560d8c42f88f in display_string (string=0x0, lisp_string=..., face_string=..., face_string_pos=0, start=0, it=0x7ffeb78b4820, field_width=0, precision=11, max_x=300, multibyte=0) at xdisp.c:27323
#15 0x0000560d8c42bd6d in display_mode_element (it=0x7ffeb78b4820, depth=4, field_width=-23, precision=-23, elt=..., props=..., risky=false) at xdisp.c:25901
#16 0x0000560d8c42cbe1 in display_mode_element (it=0x7ffeb78b4820, depth=3, field_width=0, precision=0, elt=..., props=..., risky=false) at xdisp.c:26149
#17 0x0000560d8c42cbe1 in display_mode_element (it=0x7ffeb78b4820, depth=2, field_width=0, precision=0, elt=..., props=..., risky=false) at xdisp.c:26149
#18 0x0000560d8c42c59b in display_mode_element (it=0x7ffeb78b4820, depth=1, field_width=0, precision=0, elt=..., props=..., risky=false) at xdisp.c:26072
#19 0x0000560d8c42aab6 in display_mode_line (w=0x560d8e5cf430, face_id=TAB_LINE_FACE_ID, format=...) at xdisp.c:25585
#20 0x0000560d8c3d3123 in pos_visible_p (w=0x560d8e5cf430, charpos=11524, x=0x7ffeb78ba904, y=0x7ffeb78ba908, rtop=0x7ffeb78ba948, rbot=0x7ffeb78ba950, rowh=0x7ffeb78ba90c, vpos=0x7ffeb78ba910) at xdisp.c:1697
#21 0x0000560d8c40f746 in redisplay_window (window=..., just_this_one_p=false) at xdisp.c:18882
#22 0x0000560d8c406b37 in redisplay_window_0 (window=...) at xdisp.c:16623
#23 0x0000560d8c634ef8 in internal_condition_case_1 (bfun=0x560d8c406af1 <redisplay_window_0>, arg=..., handlers=..., hfun=0x560d8c406ab5 <redisplay_window_error>) at eval.c:1502
#24 0x0000560d8c406a86 in redisplay_windows (window=...) at xdisp.c:16603
#25 0x0000560d8c406a38 in redisplay_windows (window=...) at xdisp.c:16597
#26 0x0000560d8c4053ba in redisplay_internal () at xdisp.c:16071
#27 0x0000560d8c402d5b in redisplay () at xdisp.c:15287
#28 0x0000560d8c5547ad in read_char (commandflag=1, map=..., prev_event=..., used_mouse_menu=0x7ffeb78be96d, end_time=0x0) at keyboard.c:2539
#29 0x0000560d8c5681bf in read_key_sequence (keybuf=0x7ffeb78beb50, prompt=..., dont_downcase_last=false, can_return_switch_frame=true, fix_current_buffer=true, prevent_redisplay=false) at keyboard.c:9569
#30 0x0000560d8c5509fe in command_loop_1 () at keyboard.c:1376
#31 0x0000560d8c634e15 in internal_condition_case (bfun=0x560d8c550560 <command_loop_1>, handlers=..., hfun=0x560d8c54f9ac <cmd_error>) at eval.c:1478
#32 0x0000560d8c550121 in command_loop_2 (handlers=...) at keyboard.c:1117
#33 0x0000560d8c633f0c in internal_catch (tag=..., func=0x560d8c5500f6 <command_loop_2>, arg=...) at eval.c:1198
#34 0x0000560d8c5500c1 in command_loop () at keyboard.c:1095
#35 0x0000560d8c54f457 in recursive_edit_1 () at keyboard.c:720
#36 0x0000560d8c54f673 in Frecursive_edit () at keyboard.c:792
#37 0x0000560d8c54b21f in main (argc=1, argv=0x7ffeb78befd8) at emacs.c:2310
$61 = 11524