bug#37363: emacs and other programs do not display special characters

[quiliro]

On M-x shell with (locale "es_ES.utf8"):
quiliro@GSD3 ~$ ñ
bash: $'quiliro@GSD3 ~$ ñ
bash: $'\361': command not found\361': command not found
quiliro@GSD3 ~$

Also with (locale "es_ES.utf8"), the system is all in English and Gnome
Terminal will not start:
quiliro@GSD3 ~$ gnome-terminal
# Locale not supported by C library.
#       Using the fallback 'C' locale.
# Error constructing proxy for
org.gnome.Terminal:/org/gnome/Terminal/Factory0: Error calling
StartServiceByName for org.gnome.Terminal:
GDBus.Error:org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.Spawn.ChildExited: Process
org.gnome.Terminal exited with status 9
quiliro@GSD3 ~$

I have also tested unknown command error output. On Emacs' M-x shell with
(locale "es_EC.UTF-8"):
quiliro@GSD3 ~$ ñ
bash: $'\361': no se encontró la orden
quiliro@GSD3 ~$

On BASh with (locale "es_EC.UTF-8"):
quiliro@GSD3 ~$ ñ
bash: ñ: no se encontró la orden
quiliro@GSD3 ~$

I have tested this with:
guix (GNU Guix) 1d03a9198db6f3656a34d62eb89e5f7d5a99e76a
and with:
guix (GNU Guix) 83aa6562173e06e8fafd4857a2e708feabfe56f8