Re: Installing Debian GNU/Hurd in qemu/kvm using the Debian Installer (first draft)

[Samuel Thibault]

Svante Signell, le Wed 23 Mar 2011 10:27:31 +0100, a écrit :
> Step 1: Installation of qemu
> =============================

That should be merged into the main GNU Hurd wiki's page about qemu:
./hurd/running/qemu.mdwn

> Starting qemu/qemu-kvm:
> kvm -m 1024 -net nic,model=rtl8139 -net user -hda hurd-install.kvm -cdrom 
> mini-20110308.iso  boot order=dc
> Note: add -no-kvm-irqchip if you have problems with kvm.

It's not really "if", it is "you will have problems if you don't add it"

> Default install
> Language: English
> Country, territory or area: other, Europe, Sweden
> Locale: United Kingdom - en_GB.UTF-8

Anything should be working here.

> Hostname: your_hostname
> Domainname: your_domainname
> HTTP proxy: add_if_needed
> Root password: your_root_password
> New user: full_name
> Username: abbreviated_name
> User password: your_user_password

I don't really see the point of documenting these, the installer already
provides information about them.

> Partitioning method: Guided
> Partitioning /dev/hd0: All files in one partition

That one is important: I still need to fix partman into mounting
partitions at reboot, not only /

> Software selection:
> Standard system utilities
> (SSH server, graphical desktop environment)

Depends on the mileage of the user.

> Install GRUB bootloader on MBR: Yes

Depends on the mileage of the user.

> During reboot the follwing is displayed (reason unknown, would not
> cause any problems though): 
> /hurd/init: Crashing system; essential task auth died
> init: notifying ext2fs /dev of shutdown: notifying pfinet ... notifying 
> ext2fs gunzip:device:rd0 of shutdown (reboot after a timeout)

That one is fixed in the latest image.

> After reboot: Choose to boot from hard disk!

Not needed if you didn't specify to boot from cdrom in the qemu command
line.

> login: {user,root}
> passwd: your_passwd

I don't really see the point of documenting this.

> If you have problems with the network:
> Issue
> settrans -afg /servers/socket/2 /hurd/pfinet -i eth0 10.0.2.15 -a 10.0.2.15 
> -m 255.255.0.0 -g 10.0.2.3
> or
> dhclient eth0
> 
> To get ssh working:
> apt-get install random-egd openssh-server
> (Similarly for telnet if preferred)
> 
> Set up /etc/apt/sources.list:
> nano /etc/apt/sources.list
> Add:
> deb http://ftp.<country>.debian.org/debian unstable main
> deb http://ftp.debian-ports.org/debian unstable main
> 
> To get the correct timezone: dpkg-reconfigure tzdata
> To get your locale setting:
> nano /etc/locale.gen
> Update with command: locale-gen
> reboot/halt, see below.

That should be merged into the existing
www.debian.org/ports/hurd/hurd-install

> Step 3: Running the installed system:
> =====================================
> Starting qemu/qemu-kvm:
> kvm -m 1024 -net nic,model=rtl8139 -net user,hostfwd=tcp::5555-:22 -hda 
> hurd-install.kvm -vga vmware
> vmsvga_value_write: guest runs Linux.
> 
> If you have problems with grub hanging during boot with the vmware vga
> driver: Disable the graphic boot
> nano /etc/default/grub
> uncomment GRUB_TERMINAL=console
> run /usr/sbin/update-grub

That should be merged into the main GNU/Hurd wiki.

> A few words about the qemu console:
> ===================================
> During the graphical emulation, you can use the following keys:
> <Ctrl><Alt>-f Toggle full screen
> <Ctrl><Alt>-u Restore the screen's un-scaled dimensions
> <Ctrl><Alt>-n Switch to virtual console 'n'. Standard console mappings are:
> 1 Target system display
> 2 Monitor
> 3 Serial port
> <Ctrl><Alt> Toggle mouse and keyboard grab.

Again, to be merged into the main GNU/Hurd wiki qemu page.

> A few words about the Mach console:
> ===================================
> This console is very primitive and does not have any scrolling facilities.
> Use the mach console only for basic work.
> 
> A few words about the Hurd console:
> ===================================
> 1) Hurd console at boot: Enable in /etc/default/hurd-console
> 2) Hurd console after boot: Log in to the Mach console and run the
> executable script: hurd-console
> 
> a) As user: sudo ./hurd-console (add yourself to the sudoers with visudo)
> b) As root ./hurd-console
> 
> hurd.-console:
> console -d vga -d pc_mouse --repeat=mouse -d pc_kbd --repeat=kbd -d 
> generic_speaker -c /dev/vcs
> 
> <Alt>-F1-F6: virtual consoles
> <Ctrl><Alt><Backspace> returns to the Mach console
> <Alt>-up/down scroll!
> Note: When switching between consoles, make sure the mouse is grabbed
> in the qemu console!
> exit mouse grab: <Ctrl><Alt>

To be merged into hurd-install.

> Contacting Hurd from a terminal in  your host system:
> =====================================================
> This is the recommended way to work with a CLI since you have all your
> keyboard and locale settings are preserved.
> 
> a) with ssh
> kvm -m 1024 -net nic,model=rtl8139 -net user,hostfwd=tcp::5555-:22 -hda 
> hurd-install.kvm &
> 
> Contacting the running Hurd: ssh -p5555 localhost
> Copying files:
> 1) On your host
> To Hurd:   scp -p -P5555 file localhost:
> From Hurd: scp -p -P5555 localhost:file .
> 2) On Hurd
> To host:   scp -p file {10.0.2.2,your_host_ip}: .
> From host: scp -p {10.0.2.2,your_host_ip}:file .
> 
> b) with telnet
> kvm -m 1024 -net nic,model=rtl8139 -net user,hostfwd=tcp::5556-:23 -hda 
> hurd-install.qemu &
> Contacting the running Hurd: telnet localhost 5556
> 
> c) With the tap interface, see 
> http://www.bddebian.com:8888/~hurd-web/hurd/running/qemu/

To be merged into the qemu page you mention here, actually :)

> Step 4: Setting up X-windows
> ============================
> apt-get install xorg xserver-xorg-video-vmware
> Install your choice of window manager:
> apt-get install wmaker menu rxvt
> 
> dpkg-reconfigure x11-common
> 
> Choose Anybody are allowed to start the X server:
> Root Only or Console Users Only does not work.
> 
> Create .xinitrc:
> xrandr -s 1024x768 &
> exec wmaker
> 
> Note: Due to a bug xinit cannot shut down the X server
> Solution: Add the following to your xorg.conf:
> Section "InputDevice"
>   Identifier "Generic Keyboard"
>   Driver "kbd"
>   ...
>   Option "XkbOptions" "terminate:ctrl_alt_bksp"
> EndSection
> 
> Step 5: Running X:
> ==================
> As user: sudo startx
> As root: startx (not recommended)
> 
> Note: Make sure you are starting X from the Hurd console otherwise X
> will not work.
> 
> In the following you are running as user, not root!
> 
> Changing screen resolution:
> xrandr -s 1024x768
> xrandr -s 1280x1024

To be merged into hurd-install.

> Step 6: Exiting X
> ================= 
> After exit from X the screen is scrambled
> Rescue: Return to the Mach console: <Ctrl><Alt><Backspace>
> Running ./hurd_console gets back to the previous hurd console session!

Likewise.

> Step 7: Halting/rebooting
> =========================
> Halting: halt 
> wait for the message: In tight loop: hit ctrl-del-alt to reboot
> before closing the qemu window.
> 
> Rebooting: reboot
> 
> If using the Hurd console, go back to the mach console with
> <Ctrl-Alt-Backspace> before halt/reboot to see the console messages.

Likewise.

Samuel